Sports & GM9 min read
Pitch Clock Rules for 2026, Plus Shift Limits and the Extra-Innings Runner
For the 2026 MLB season: 15 seconds with the bases empty, 18 with runners on, two disengagements per batter, shift limits and the extra-innings runner.
298 articles · page 7 of 13
Sports & GM guides, page 7
Articles 145–168 of 298, newest first. The introduction to this reading list, its topic hubs and the guides other articles cite most are on the first page.
Sports & GM articles 145–168
- Sports & GM6 min read
The Platoon Advantage: Why Lefties and Righties Matter in Baseball
Most hitters do better against opposite-handed pitchers. Why the platoon advantage exists, how big it is, why small splits mislead and what reverse splits mean.
- Sports & GM7 min read
PER, Win Shares and Box Plus/Minus: Basketball's All-in-One Ratings Explained
What PER, Win Shares and Box Plus/Minus measure, how each is built from the box score, why they can disagree about one player, and which suits which question.
- Sports & GM6 min read
Pressing in Soccer: High Press, Counter-Press and the Triggers Behind Them
What pressing and counter-pressing mean, the triggers teams press on, and how analysts measure it — from PPDA to tracking-based pressing intensity.
- Sports & GM6 min read
Promotion and Relegation Explained — and Why Closed Leagues Use a Draft Instead
How promotion and relegation work in an open soccer pyramid, why closed leagues use drafts, caps and revenue sharing instead, and what economists have found.
- Sports & GM7 min read
Regression to the Mean in Sports: Why Great Seasons Are Followed by Good Ones
Why an outstanding season is usually followed by a merely good one, how much of a record is luck in different sports, and how to read a career year.
- Sports & GM7 min read
The Relative Age Effect in Sports: Why Birth Month Shapes Who Gets Picked
Why youth teams over-select players born early in the selection year, how large the effect is by sex, age and level, and what fixes such as bio-banding change.
- Sports & GM6 min read
RPO vs Play Action: Two Ways to Make a Defense Guess
What an RPO and a play-action pass each ask one defender to decide, why the run is real in one and fake in the other, and the lineman rule that separates them.
- Sports & GM8 min read
Rugby Bonus Points Explained: Try Bonuses, Losing Bonuses and How Tables Are Built
How rugby union's 4-2-0 table works, when try and losing bonus points are awarded, how the French and Super Rugby variants differ, and what each rewards.
- Sports & GM9 min read
The Rugby Breakdown: Tackle, Ruck and Maul Laws Explained
From tackle to ruck to maul: the laws behind rugby's breakdown, including tackle height, jackling, hands in the ruck, the use-it call and rolling mauls.
- Sports & GM7 min read
Pro Rugby Career Sport Sim: A Guide to Building One Player Through a Season
How Pro Rugby Career Sport Sim works: picking a position and role, training toward one goal at a time, and reading carries, metres and tackles after a match.
- Sports & GM8 min read
Rugby Kicking Laws: The 50:22, Drop-Outs and the Mark
How the 50:22 works and when it does not, 22-metre versus try-line drop-outs, the mark, and the 2024 and 2026 changes to kick chases and in-goal restarts.
- Sports & GM10 min read
Scrum and Lineout Rules in Rugby Union: Set Pieces Explained
How a rugby union scrum is formed and fed, crouch-bind-set and the brake foot, scrum offences, lineout numbers, lifting, quick throws and uncontested scrums.
- Sports & GM7 min read
Rugby Sevens vs Fifteens: What Changes When Half the Players Leave
Sevens is rugby union under World Rugby's variations: seven a side, seven-minute halves, drop-kick conversions and two-minute yellow cards on a full-size pitch.
- Sports & GM10 min read
Rugby Union Rules for Beginners: The Laws That Shape Every Phase
The rugby union laws a newcomer needs: pass backwards, release when tackled, stay onside, play advantage, and how penalties, free-kicks and scrums differ.
- Sports & GM8 min read
Rugby Cards Explained: Yellow Cards, the Sin Bin and the 20-Minute Red Card
An elite rugby red card can be a 20-minute or a permanent one, in full law since 1 July 2026. How yellow cards, the sin bin, reviews and replacements work.
- Sports & GM7 min read
Soccer Restarts Explained: Throw-ins, Goal Kicks, Corners and the Dropped Ball
How throw-ins, goal kicks, corners, kick-offs and dropped balls work under the 2026/27 Laws, including the new five-second countdown and when a corner is given.
- Sports & GM9 min read
Soccer Rule Changes for 2026/27: What the IFAB Changed and Why
Every change in the IFAB Laws of the Game 2026/27, from ten-second substitutions to throw-in countdowns, with the stated reason and what is optional.
- Sports & GM9 min read
Soccer Rules for Beginners: The Laws That Actually Decide a Match
A plain-English walk through soccer's 17 Laws of the Game for 2026/27: pitch size, match length, fouls, cards, offside, restarts and the advantage.
- Sports & GM7 min read
Soccer Stats Explained: Shots on Target, Key Passes, PPDA and Expected Assists
Shots on target, key passes, expected assists, PPDA, tackles and points per game: what each soccer stat counts, what it rewards and what it hides.
- Sports & GM7 min read
How Many Substitutes in Soccer? Windows, Concussion Subs and the New 10-Second Rule
Up to five substitutes, three windows plus half-time, concussion subs and the ten-second exit: what the Laws fix and what each competition decides.
- Sports & GM8 min read
Yellow and Red Cards in Soccer: What Earns Each, and What Happens Next
What earns a yellow or a red card under the 2026/27 Laws of the Game, how DOGSO and its penalty-area exception work, and what a sending-off changes.
- Sports & GM5 min read
Squad Depth in Soccer: Rotation, Fixture Congestion and Why the Bench Matters Over a Season
What squad depth means in soccer, what research on two matches a week found about injuries, how substitution limits interact, and how to plan cover by role.
- Sports & GM6 min read
Stoppage Time vs Extra Time: How a Soccer Match Is Actually Timed
Stoppage time, added time and injury time are one thing; extra time is another. How the 2026/27 Laws time a soccer match, from Law 7 to Law 10.