Education3 min read
Compound Interest Explained with Worked Numbers
Compound interest earns returns on earlier returns. The formula, simple versus compound growth, the rule of 72, monthly contributions and debt that compounds.
383 articles · page 2 of 16
Education guides, page 2
Articles 25–48 of 383, newest first. The introduction to this reading list, its topic hubs and the guides other articles cite most are on the first page.
Education articles 25–48
- Education4 min read
Conditional Probability and Bayes' Theorem, with a Worked Test Example
How conditional probability works, how to reverse it with Bayes' theorem, and why a test that catches 95% of faults can still be wrong most of the time.
- Education4 min read
Converse, Inverse and Contrapositive: Which One Means the Same Thing?
The contrapositive of an if-then statement always means the same thing; the converse and inverse do not. Truth tables, examples and the mistakes to avoid.
- Education4 min read
Countable vs Uncountable Sets: Cantor's Diagonal Argument in Plain Steps
Why the integers and rationals are countable but the reals are not: listing arguments, Cantor's diagonal proof step by step, and what it means for computing.
- Education5 min read
The Cuban Missile Crisis: Thirteen Days in October 1962
The Cuban Missile Crisis day by day: U-2 photographs, the 22 October quarantine, two Khrushchev letters, Black Saturday and the secret Turkey deal.
- Education5 min read
D-Day Explained: The Normandy Landings of 6 June 1944
D-Day explained: why Normandy, the weather delay, the airborne drops and five beaches, what went wrong at Omaha, and how many died on 6 June 1944.
- Education4 min read
De Morgan's Laws Explained, with Logic and Set Examples
De Morgan's laws say how to negate an and or an or: flip the connective and negate each part. Proofs by truth table and Venn diagram, plus uses in code.
- Education4 min read
Derangements: The Hat-Check Problem and Its Formula
A derangement is a permutation that leaves nothing in place. Count them with inclusion–exclusion, see why the odds approach 1/e, and use the recurrence.
- Education4 min read
Dijkstra's Algorithm Worked by Hand on a Small Graph
Dijkstra's algorithm finds shortest paths from one vertex. The table method step by step, recovering the route, and why negative weights break it.
- Education5 min read
Discrete Math Cheat Sheet: The Laws, Formulas and Definitions on One Page
The core of a first discrete math course in one reference: logic laws, proof methods, set identities, counting formulas, number theory and graph facts.
- Education5 min read
Discrete Math: Study & Quiz Guide — How to Work Through Each Unit
How to use Discrete Math: Study & Quiz unit by unit: what its ten units cover, which practice mode suits which job, and when to reach for the logic tools.
- Education4 min read
Diversification Explained: What Spreading Risk Can and Cannot Do
Diversification spreads money across investments so one loss hurts less. How it works, why it cannot remove market-wide risk, and where rebalancing fits.
- Education3 min read
Dividend Yield: How It Is Calculated and Why a High Yield Can Be a Warning
Dividend yield is annual dividends per share divided by the share price. Trailing vs forward yield, the payout ratio, and why a high yield can be a warning.
- Education3 min read
Dollar-Cost Averaging: What Investing a Fixed Amount on a Schedule Does
Dollar-cost averaging invests the same amount at regular intervals. Why it lowers your average cost, what it cannot protect against, and lump sum versus DCA.
- Education3 min read
Earnings per Share: Basic, Diluted and How to Read the Figure
Earnings per share divides a company's profit among its shares. How basic and diluted EPS are calculated, why share counts change, and what EPS can hide.
- Education4 min read
Equivalence Relations and Equivalence Classes, with Partitions You Can Draw
An equivalence relation is reflexive, symmetric and transitive, and it splits a set into equivalence classes. How to prove one, find its classes and draw them.
- Education4 min read
ETFs vs Mutual Funds: Trading, Costs and Taxes Compared
ETFs and mutual funds both pool investors' money, but they trade, price and get taxed differently. A side-by-side comparison based on SEC investor guidance.
- Education4 min read
The Euclidean Algorithm: Finding a GCD by Hand, and Why It Works
Find the greatest common divisor of two numbers by repeated division with remainder. Worked examples, why it works, how fast it is, and the extended version.
- Education5 min read
Euler Paths vs Euler Circuits: The Degree Test and How to Find One
An Euler path uses every edge once; an Euler circuit also ends where it started. Count odd-degree vertices to decide which exists, then find one by hand.
- Education4 min read
Expected Value and Linearity of Expectation: The Shortcut That Solves Hard Counting Problems
Expected value is a probability-weighted average. How to compute it, why expectations add even for dependent events, and how indicator variables help.
- Education4 min read
The Fall of the Berlin Wall: Why It Happened in 1989
Why the Berlin Wall fell on 9 November 1989: Hungary's open border, the Prague embassy, a fumbled press conference, and reunification in 1990.
- Education5 min read
Fermat's Little Theorem and How RSA Uses Modular Arithmetic
Fermat's little theorem says aᵖ⁻¹ ≡ 1 (mod p) for a prime p. How to use it, why it can mislead a primality test, and a toy RSA example worked by hand.
- Education5 min read
Feudalism Explained, and Why Historians Argue About the Word
Lords, vassals and fiefs, the narrow and broad definitions, and why many medievalists now doubt there was ever a single feudal system at all.
- Education4 min read
Finite State Machines: States, Transitions and the Strings They Accept
A finite state machine reads input one symbol at a time and changes state. How to design one, trace an input, and see what no finite machine can recognise.