Education6 min read
Odd One Out Across Words, Numbers and Shapes
An odd one out puzzle asks for a dimension on which one item differs. Why several answers are often defensible, and how a setter removes the ambiguity.
383 articles · page 13 of 16
Education guides, page 13
Articles 289–312 of 383, newest first. The introduction to this reading list, its topic hubs and the guides other articles cite most are on the first page.
Education articles 289–312
- Education4 min read
Offline Brain Training: What Keeps Working Without a Connection
What offline means for a practice app specifically: whether streaks, personal bests and adaptive difficulty survive without a connection, and what stops.
- Education6 min read
The Opium Wars and the Treaties That Followed Them
Britain fought two wars to keep an illegal drug trade open in China. The commercial mechanics, the Qing prohibition and the treaty terms, from the archives.
- Education8 min read
The Ottoman Empire From Frontier Principality to Republic
Six centuries from a small Anatolian principality to a state spanning three continents, and the wars, reforms and atrocities that ended it.
- Education6 min read
Paired-Associate Learning: Linking Two Unrelated Things
What paired-associate learning is, why arbitrary pairs resist repetition, and why judging a pair with both halves in front of you overstates what you know.
- Education6 min read
Partition, 1947: The Division of British India
What the Indian Independence Act actually set out, how fast the boundary was drawn, and why estimates of the deaths and displacement differ so widely.
- Education6 min read
Percentile, Standard Score and Raw Score: Three Numbers, Three Meanings
A percentage is how much you got right. A percentile is where you ranked. A standard score is how far from the mean you sat. Three numbers, routinely confused.
- Education6 min read
Periodisation: Who Decides Where One Age Ends and the Next Begins
Periods are arguments, not facts about the past. Who drew the lines between ancient, medieval and modern, what they were for, and what they hide.
- Education6 min read
How Polynesian Navigators Settled the Pacific
Wayfinding by stars, swells and birds, plus what radiocarbon dates and genetics now show about when the Pacific islands were actually settled.
- Education5 min read
The Printing Press and the Information Revolution It Did Not Start Alone
Movable metal type reached Korea before Mainz and woodblocks reached China earlier still. What Gutenberg's system changed, and what it did not.
- Education6 min read
Queen Nzinga of Ndongo and Matamba
A seventeenth-century ruler in what is now Angola, known mainly through hostile Portuguese sources, who fought and traded inside the Atlantic slave system.
- Education5 min read
Rapa Nui and the Collapse Story Archaeology Keeps Complicating
The Rapa Nui ecocide story is contested on almost every point. What the palaeoecology, satellite survey and ancient genomes actually show, side by side.
- Education6 min read
Ratios and Proportions Without Cross-Multiplying
Most proportion problems are scaling problems. Find the factor, apply it, and keep cross-multiplication for the cases where no friendly factor exists.
- Education6 min read
Reading a History App's Content Critically
Five questions that separate a well-built history app from a confident-sounding one, applied honestly to our own app and its gaps.
- Education6 min read
Average, Median and Fastest: Reading Your Response Time Numbers
Answer times are skewed, so the average is pulled up by a single long think. Here is what mean, median, fastest and consistency each tell you about a session.
- Education5 min read
Recognition Is Easier Than Recall, and That Matters
Picking an answer from a list is a different job from producing it from nothing. Why the gap exists, and why multiple-choice practice flatters what you know.
- Education5 min read
Regnal Years: Counting Time by Who Sat on the Throne
Most pre-modern documents date themselves by a ruler's reign, not a calendar era. Here is how king lists turn that into chronology and where the chains snap.
- Education5 min read
Reliability and Validity: The Two Questions to Ask Any Test
Reliability asks whether a test repeats itself. Validity asks whether the conclusion drawn from the score is justified. Two questions to ask of any test.
- Education5 min read
Remembering One Long Number: Grouping, Rhythm and Rehearsal
Holding a number for thirty seconds is a different problem from memorising it. What the rehearsal loop can carry, and what reliably knocks a number out of it.
- Education6 min read
Russian Peasant Multiplication, and Why Dropping the Remainders Works
Halve one number, double the other, discard remainders, then add the rows where the halved side is odd. It works because that column is binary.
- Education5 min read
Two Revolutions in One Year: Russia in 1917
February and October were separate revolutions eight months apart, and the October one happened in November. The sequence, the calendar trap and the debate.
- Education7 min read
Scholars of the Islamic Golden Age and What They Actually Wrote
Al-Khwarizmi, Ibn Sina, al-Biruni, Ibn al-Haytham and Ibn Khaldun: what their books actually contain, and why the period label is contested.
- Education7 min read
Scientists Who Changed the Record, and How Credit Gets Assigned
Discovery is usually distributed and credit rarely is. Documented cases from DNA, pulsars and nuclear fission show how attribution actually works.
- Education6 min read
The Scramble for Africa and the Berlin Conference
The Berlin Conference did not divide Africa with a ruler. What the 1885 General Act actually did, what conquest looked like, and who was doing the fighting.